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#CARD:Togo:Geography
#IMAGE 49 66 TWPCX \maps\Togo.PCX
THE WORLD FACTBOOK Click Here for MAP
Togo
Geography
Location:
Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean beween Benin and Ghana
Map references:
Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
56,790 km2
land area:
54,390 km2
comparative area:
slightly smaller than West Virginia
Land boundaries:
total 1,647 km, Benin 644 km, Burkina 126 km, Ghana 877 km
Coastline:
56 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
30 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
Terrain:
gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low
coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes
Natural resources:
phosphates, limestone, marble
Land use:
arable land:
25%
permanent crops:
1%
meadows and pastures:
4%
forest and woodland:
28%
other:
42%
Irrigated land:
70 km2 (1989 est.)
Environment:
hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; recent
droughts affecting agriculture; deforestation
#ENDCARD
#CARD:Togo:People
THE WORLD FACTBOOK
Togo
People
Population:
4,104,657 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
3.61% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
47.87 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
11.8 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
91.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
56.46 years
male:
54.45 years
female:
58.53 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
6.96 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Togolese (singular and plural)
adjective:
Togolese
Ethnic divisions:
37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabye, European and
Syrian-Lebanese under 1%
Religions:
indigenous beliefs 70%, Christian 20%, Muslim 10%
Languages:
French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe (one of the two major
African languages in the south), Mina (one of the two major African
languages in the south), Dagomba (one of the two major African languages in
the north), Kabye (one of the two major African languages in the north)
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
total population:
43%
male:
56%
female:
31%
Labor force:
NA
by occupation:
agriculture 78%, industry 22%
note:
about 88,600 wage earners, evenly divided between public and private
sectors; 50% of population of working age (1985)
#ENDCARD
#CARD:Togo:Government
THE WORLD FACTBOOK
Togo
Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Republic of Togo
conventional short form:
Togo
local long form:
Republique Togolaise
local short form:
none
former:
French Togo
Digraph:
TO
Type:
republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule
Capital:
Lome
Administrative divisions:
21 circumscriptions (circonscriptions, singular - circonscription); Amlame
(Amou), Aneho (Lacs), Atakpame (Ogou), Badou (Wawa), Bafilo (Assoli), Bassar
(Bassari), Dapango (Tone), Kande (Keran), Klouto (Kloto), Pagouda (Binah),
Lama-Kara (Kozah), Lome (Golfe), Mango (Oti), Niamtougou (Doufelgou), Notse
(Haho), Pagouda, Sotouboua, Tabligbo (Yoto), Tchamba, Nyala, Tchaoudjo,
Tsevie (Zio), Vogan (Vo)
note:
the 21 units may now be called prefectures (prefectures, singular -
prefecture) and reported name changes for individual units are included in
parentheses
Independence:
27 April 1960 (from UN trusteeship under French administration)
Constitution:
1980 constitution nullified during national reform conference; transition
constitution adopted 24 August 1991; multiparty draft constitution sent to
High Council of the Republic for approval in November 1991; adopted by
public referendum September 1992
Legal system:
French-based court system
National holiday:
Independence Day, 27 April (1960)
Political parties and leaders:
Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) led by President EYADEMA was the only
party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991;
transition regime in place since August 1991
Suffrage:
universal adult at age NA
Elections:
President:
last held 21 December 1986 (next to be held 1993); results - Gen. EYADEMA
was reelected without opposition
National Assembly:
last held 4 March 1990; dissolved during national reform conference (next to
be held 1993); results - RPT was the only party; seats - (77 total) RPT 77;
interim legislative High Council of the Republic (HCR) in place since August
1991
Executive branch:
president, prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
#ENDCARD
#CARD:Togo:Government
THE WORLD FACTBOOK
Togo
Government
Legislative branch:
National Assembly dissolved during national reform conference; 79-member
interim High Council for the Republic (HCR) formed to act as legislature
during transition to multiparty democracy; legislative elections scheduled
to be held in 1993
Judicial branch:
Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel), Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)
Leaders:
Chief of State:
President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)
Head of Government:
interim Prime Minister Joseph Kokou KOFFIGOH (since 28 August 1991)
Member of:
ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEAO (observer), ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77,
GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WCL, WHO,
WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Ellom-Kodjo SCHUPPIUS
chancery:
2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
(202) 234-4212 or 4213
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Harmon E. KIRBY
embassy:
Rue Pelletier Caventou and Rue Vauban, Lome
mailing address:
B. P. 852, Lome
telephone:
[228] 21-29-91 through 94 and 21-77-17
FAX:
[228] 21-79-52
Flag:
five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with
yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper
hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
#ENDCARD
#CARD:Togo:Economy
THE WORLD FACTBOOK
Togo
Economy
Overview:
The economy is heavily dependent on subsistence agriculture, which accounts
for about 33% of GDP and provides employment for 78% of the labor force.
Primary agricultural exports are cocoa, coffee, and cotton, which together
account for about 30% of total export earnings. Togo is self-sufficient in
basic foodstuffs when harvests are normal. In the industrial sector
phosphate mining is by far the most important activity, with phosphate
exports accounting for about 40% of total foreign exchange earnings. Togo
serves as a regional commercial and trade center. The government, over the
past decade, with IMF and World Bank support, has been implementing a number
of economic reform measures to encourage foreign investment and bring
revenues in line with expenditures. Political unrest, including private and
public sector strikes throughout 1991 and 1992, has jeopardized the reform
program and has disrupted vital economic activity.
National product:
GDP - exchange rate conversion - $1.5 billion (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate:
0% (1991 est.)
National product per capita:
$400 (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
0.5% (1991 est.)
Unemployment rate:
2% (1987)
Budget:
revenues $284.8 million; expenditures $407 million, including capital
expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
Exports:
$512 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
commodities:
phosphates, cotton, cocoa, coffee
partners:
EC 40%, Africa 16%, US 1% (1990)
Imports:
$583 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
commodities:
machinery and equipment, consumer goods, food, chemical products
partners:
EC 57%, Africa 17%, US 5%, Japan 4% (1990)
External debt:
$1.3 billion (1991)
Industrial production:
growth rate 9.0% (1991 est.); accounts for 20% of GDP
Electricity:
179,000 kW capacity; 209 million kWh produced, 60 kWh per capita (1990)
Industries:
phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement, handicrafts, textiles,
beverages
Agriculture:
accounts for 33% of GDP; cash crops - coffee, cocoa, cotton; food crops -
yams, cassava, corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock production not
significant; annual fish catch, 10,000-14,000 tons
Economic aid:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $142 million; Western (non-US)
countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $2 billion; OPEC
bilateral aid (1979-89), $35 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $51
million
Currency:
1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes
#ENDCARD
#CARD:Togo:Economy
THE WORLD FACTBOOK
Togo
Economy
Exchange rates:
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 274.06 (January
1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85
(1988)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
#ENDCARD
#CARD:Togo:Communications
THE WORLD FACTBOOK
Togo
Communications
Railroads:
570 km 1.000-meter gauge, single track
Highways:
6,462 km total; 1,762 km paved; 4,700 km unimproved roads
Inland waterways:
50 km Mono River
Ports:
Lome, Kpeme (phosphate port)
Merchant marine:
2 roll-on/roll-off ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,118 GRT/20,529 DWT
Airports:
total:
9
usable:
9
with permanent-surface runways:
2
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
2
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
0
Telecommunications:
fair system based on network of radio relay routes supplemented by open wire
lines; broadcast stations - 2 AM, no FM, 3 (2 relays) TV; satellite earth
stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
#ENDCARD
#CARD:Togo:Defense Forces
THE WORLD FACTBOOK
Togo
Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 862,427; fit for military service 452,974 (1993 est.); no
conscription
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $43 million, about 3% of GDP (1989)
#ENDCARD